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During the 2017 GDC Festival of Gaming, Leszek Szczepanski, Lead Game Code and Gameplay Programmer at Guerrilla Games, revealed the development process behind the mission structure of Horizon Zero Dawn. Rather than relying on complex artificial intelligence or sophisticated software systems, the team opted for a traditional, manual approach to organize the game's narrative and quest flow.
The developers mapped out the game's story and missions using a large wall covered in sticky notes connected by lines. This method, often referred to as user story mapping or brainstorming, allowed the team to visualize complex relationships between narrative elements. The studio positioned the game's structure between the design philosophies of Skyrim and Sacred, drawing inspiration from various titles like The Witcher 2 and Gothic.
This organizational technique functions similarly to the investigative boards seen in detective films, where photographs and documents are linked to track connections. By using color-coded notes and physical lines, the team maintained a clear overview of the project's progression, ensuring that the narrative architecture remained coherent throughout the development cycle.
